2023 Articles
Investigation of Irrigation Water Requirement and Evapotranspiration for Water Resource Management in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Water scarcity and water quality degradation are exacerbated by climate change in all countries, including Pakistan. The use of water in agriculture is one of the most predominant resources, so reducing consumption and improving resource management is of utmost importance. In the past few decades, excessive irrigation has led to severe water scarcity and reduced water quality. This study determined the irrigation requirements for cotton, rice, and wheat, using the CROPWAT model in Southern Punjab (Multan District). In the study area, evapotranspiration ranged from 1.8 to 10.24 mm/day, while effective rainfall ranged from 2 to 31.3 mm. Rice, cotton, and wheat each required 996.4, 623.3, and 209.5 mm of irrigation, respectively. Among rice, cotton, and wheat, the total net irrigation was 72.4, 67.8, and 44.1 mm, respectively, while the total gross irrigation was 103.5, 99.8, and 63 mm. The CROPWAT model showed a moderately useful result for identifying irrigation needs in Southern Punjab. The study emphasizes the need for groundwater harvesting and water management technologies to implement a water management system that reduces water shortages.
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- sustainability-15-01768.pdf application/pdf 2.38 MB Download File
Also Published In
- Title
- Sustainability
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/su15031768
More About This Work
- Academic Units
- International Research Institute for Climate and Society
- Published Here
- March 13, 2024
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- 10.3390/su15031768