2024 Theses Doctoral
Optical-Based Microsecond Latency MHD Mode Tracking Through Deep Learning
Active feedback control in magnetic confinement fusion devices is desirable to mitigate plasma instabilities and enable robust operation. Among various diagnostics, optical high-speed cameras provide a powerful, non-invasive diagnostic and can be suitable for these applications.
This thesis reports the first application of high-speed imaging videography and deep learning as real-time diagnostics of rotating MHD modes in a tokamak device. The developed system uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict the amplitudes of the ?=1 sine and cosine mode components using solely optical measurements acquired from one or more cameras. Using the newly assembled high-speed camera diagnostics on the High Beta Tokamak – Extended Pulse (HBT-EP) device, an experimental dataset consisting of camera frame images and magnetic-based mode measurements was assembled and used to develop the mode-tracking CNN model. The optimized models outperformed other tested conventional algorithms given identical image inputs.
A prototype controller based on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) hardware was developed to perform real-time mode tracking using the high-speed camera diagnostic with the mode-tracking CNN model. In this system, a trained model was directly implemented in the firmware of an FPGA device onboard the frame grabber hardware of the camera’s data readout system. Adjusting the model size and its implementation-related parameters allowed achieving an optimal trade-off between a model’s prediction accuracy, its FPGA resource utilization and inference speed. Through fine-tuning these parameters, the final implementation satisfied all of the design constraints, achieving a total trigger-to-output latency of 17.6 ?s and a throughput of up to 120 kfps. These results are on-par with the existing GPU-based control system using magnetic sensor diagnostic, indicating that the camera-based controller will be capable to perform active feedback control of MHD modes on HBT-EP.
Subjects
Files
- Wei_columbia_0054D_18607.pdf application/pdf 6.34 MB Download File
More About This Work
- Academic Units
- Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics
- Thesis Advisors
- Mauel, Michael E.
- Navratil, Gerald
- Degree
- Ph.D., Columbia University
- Published Here
- July 3, 2024