2025 Data (Information)

Association of glucose response shape in OGTT with markers of pancreatic health and inflammation across diverse ages

Hernandez-Moreno, Cindy; Thaker, Vidhu

Context. The shape of glucose response in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is a biomarker for pancreatic b-cell health. A biphasic response is deemed metabolically healthier compared to monophasic, while persistent increase is harbinger of diabetes. Objective. To assess the relationship of inflammatory markers with the shape of glucose OGTT response in a wide age range and populations. Design. Reanalysis of data obtained in cross-sectional prospective clinical studies. Patient or Other Participants. Individuals of self-reported Black ancestry (adolescents, n = 276, age 16.3 ± 1.7 years, 47.5 % female; young adults, n = 486, age 37.7 ± 7.5 years, 49.6 % female) were seen at Thomas Jefferson University between 2006- 2011.
Data was obtained from Pennington Biomedical Research Center for healthy individuals enrolled in clinical studies with OGTT data (n = 95, age 55.2 ± 9.9 years, 52.3 % female, 27.3% Black). Main Outcome Measure(s). Classification of OGTT glucose response curve into biphasic, monophasic and persistent increase groups. Correlation of glycemic indices and inflammatory markers with the shape of the OGTT glucose response curve.
Results. Persistent increase glucose curve was associated with lower insulinogenic and Matsuda index, phase 1 and phase 2 insulin secretion, but higher HOMA-IR and glucose AUC compared to monophasic or biphasic groups. Circulating inflammatory markers (CRP, PAI1, TNF-a) were higher while adiponectin lower in the persistent increase group. Findings were more prominent in adults compared to adolescents. Conclusions. Shape of glucose response curve is a biomarker for glycemia measures and obesity related inflammation across ages.