2024 Preprints

Identifying genetic differences between bipolar disorder and major depression through multiple GWAS

Panagiotaropoulou, Georgia; Hellberg, Kajsa-Lotta Georgii; Coleman, Jonathan R. I.; Seok, Darsol; Kalman, Janos; Mitchell, Philip B.; Schofield, Peter R.; Forstner, Andreas J.; Bauer, Michael; Scott, Laura J.; Pato, Carlos N.; Pato, Michele T.; Breen, Gerome; Li, Qingqin S.; Kirov, George; Landén, Mikael; Weissman, Myrna M.

Background: Accurate diagnosis of bipolar disorder (BD) is difficult in clinical practice, with an average delay between symptom onset and diagnosis of about 7 years. A key reason is that the first manic episode is often preceded by a depressive one, making it difficult to distinguish BD from unipolar major depressive disorder (MDD).