2024 Theses Master's

Examining the Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Transit Usage and Accessibility for Seoul's Elderly

Kim, Jae Hyun

This study explores the relationship between the socioeconomic characteristics of Seoul's elderly population and their usage of the Seoul Metro, within the context of an impending demographic shift towards a "super-aged" society. Employing spatial analysis through choropleth maps and correlation studies, the research illuminates how factors such as income levels and living conditions influence subway usage patterns among senior citizens. The findings show a strategic alignment of subway stations with areas of high elderly density, indicating that the metro system plays a crucial role in enhancing the mobility of senior citizens. However, disparities in usage based on socioeconomic status suggest a complex interplay between affordability, accessibility, and preference for transportation modes. Affluent districts show lower subway usage among the elderly, pointing to a preference for alternative transportation methods, whereas areas with high concentrations of low-income and Basic Livelihood Security Program (BLSP) recipients demonstrate a greater reliance on the subway for mobility.

This analysis contributes to the broader implications on urban planning and transportation policy in Seoul facing rapid demographic aging. By highlighting the significant yet varied reliance on public transportation among the elderly, it emphasizes the necessity of developing equitable and inclusive transit policies that cater to the diverse needs of an aging population. Though financial sustainability of Seoul Metro is essential, the study advocates for tailored interventions, such as subsidized fares and improved accessibility features, to address the challenges faced by economically disadvantaged elderlies. Furthermore, it suggests that future subway policies and urban transportation planning must consider both the spatial and socioeconomic dimensions of elderly mobility to foster an accessible, supportive urban environment for Seoul's aging society. This research not only stresses the essence of mobility in ensuring the dignity and participation of senior citizens in Seoul but possibly serves as a reference point for cities globally as they prepare to meet the challenges of an increasingly elderly demographic.