1989 Reports

The Dynamics of Emigration and Nationality in the Soviet Union

Salitan, Laurie P.

Soviet emigration policy and practices are largely misunderstood by the vast majority of Western observers. Scholars and other analysts tend to ignore the role of domestic factors in Soviet emigration decisions and instead focus almost exclusively on what they perceive as the linkage between emigration and foreign policy. One significant aspect of contemporary Soviet emigration policy that has received little attention is the relationship of emigration to the broader issue of Soviet nationality policy. Understanding the dynamics of this connection sheds light on factors influencing emigration decisions. A complex set of interlocking elements, whose relative significance varies due to changing circumstances and strategies, determines Soviet emigration policy. As a result, contemporary emigration history may be divided into distinct periods. Below is a twofold discussion of emigration, focusing on the nationality component of emigration and on emigration in the context of glasnost’ and perestroika. Examining how emigration relates to glasnost’ and perestroika is key to understanding the link between nationality issues and emigration.