2024 Reports

Tracking Transfer: Community College and Four-Year Institutional Effectiveness in Broadening Bachelor’s Degree Attainment

Velasco Rodriguez, Tatiana; Fink, John; Bedoya-Guevara, Mariel; Jenkins, Davis; LaViolet, Tania

Despite surveys indicating that nearly 80% of community college students aspire to earn a bachelor’s degree, only about a third transfer to a four-year institution, and fewer than half of those who do transfer go on to earn a bachelor’s degree within six years of community college entry. This set of two reports—one focused on community colleges and the other on four-year institutions—analyzes student data from the National Student Clearinghouse to measure the performance of community colleges and four-year institutions in enabling students who started at a community college as part of the fall 2015 cohort to transfer and earn a bachelor’s degree. The reports, authored by researchers at CCRC and the Aspen Institute, serve as a call to action to improve ineffective and inefficient transfer pathways in higher education. They also provide metrics that institution and state system leaders can use to benchmark their performance and evaluate efforts to improve student outcomes.

The study is the first of its kind to report state-by-state transfer rates and outcomes by student subgroup, finding that low-income (11%), older (6%), Black (9%), and Hispanic (13%) students transfer and complete bachelor’s degrees at even lower rates than community college students overall (16%). It finds only modest progress in transfer performance over the past seven years—a prior report released by CCRC and Aspen in 2016 found a cohort bachelor’s completion rate of 14%. Each report offers a state-by-state breakdown of transfer outcomes:

- States with the largest share of community college students who are low-income, Black, or older have bachelor’s completion rates for these students well below the national average for all students.
- States with the greatest improvement in transfer and bachelor’s degree attainment include North Carolina, West Virginia, New Mexico, and South Dakota
- Transfer outcomes have stagnated or show little improvement in most states.