Ma Karen author Columbia University. Sergievsky Center Babij Rachel A. author Columbia University. Sergievsky Center Cortes Etty Paola author Columbia University. Taub Institute Louis Elan D. author Columbia University. Neurology Columbia University. Epidemiology Vonsattel Jean Paul author Columbia University. Pathology and Cell Biology Columbia University. Center for Parkinson's Disease and Other Movement Disorders originator text Articles 2012 English Background: Clinical studies have implicated the cerebellum in the pathogenesis of essential tremor (ET), and recent postmortem studies have identified structural changes in the ET cerebellum. While the basal ganglia have traditionally been implicated in dystonia, cerebellar involvement has been suggested as well, and a recent study showed Purkinje cell (PC) loss. We conducted a detailed postmortem examination of the brain in four individuals with clinical diagnoses of ET and dystonia, and hypothesized that pathological changes in the cerebellum would be greater in these four ET cases than in published ET cases without dystonia. Methods: After a complete neuropathological assessment, a standard parasagittal neocerebellar tissue block was harvested in each brain. One 7-µm thick section was stained with luxol fast blue/hematoxylin and eosin, and one section with the Bielschowsky method. We quantified PCs, torpedoes, heterotopic PCs, PC dendritic swellings, and basket cell changes. Results: Two ET+dystonia cases had more microscopic changes in the cerebellum than published ET cases; the other two cases had similar changes to published ET cases. Discussion: This is the first report that uses human autopsy tissue to study patients with both ET and dystonia. The findings were heterogeneous. Additional studies, with larger samples, are needed. Neurosciences 2 1 6 2012 2160-8288 http://hdl.handle.net/10022/AC:P:14324 NNC NNC 2012-08-08 15:47:12 -0400 2012-08-13 16:03:03 -0400 8339 eng