WEBVTT Kind: captions Language: en 00:00:05.680 --> 00:00:12.960 Thanks Katie. Happy to to do this and first  want to thank NSF for the support and also to   00:00:12.960 --> 00:00:18.720 acknowledge the many colleagues working on this  project with me. What I want to talk about today   00:00:18.720 --> 00:00:25.920 is really the role of engineered structures  and services in supporting basic life   00:00:25.920 --> 00:00:29.840 safety especially food and shelter  during the response of this pandemic   00:00:30.400 --> 00:00:34.960 and also to consider some of the  implications of our initial observations for   00:00:34.960 --> 00:00:43.840 research and education particularly in the  fields represented by the people you see here. 00:00:46.400 --> 00:00:52.320 The first example I want to consider is really  the the food supply chain and this is a critical   00:00:52.320 --> 00:00:57.040 infrastructure that is in a state of near collapse  and I don't think that's a dramatization of the   00:00:57.040 --> 00:01:02.080 situation. We're looking at a near-term shortfall  of about 8 billion meals in the United States   00:01:02.080 --> 00:01:08.480 as well as a drop in the number of volunteers  and individual donations that normally come   00:01:08.480 --> 00:01:14.880 in. I think one of the real problems here is  that we actually do have the supply but because   00:01:14.880 --> 00:01:18.960 the demand on the other end isn't  sufficient to pull that supply through,   00:01:18.960 --> 00:01:22.320 we're not getting enough food to enough people.   00:01:23.360 --> 00:01:28.000 Grassroot organizations and non-governmental  organizations are trying desperately to adapt   00:01:28.000 --> 00:01:34.240 their way of working to meet this demand but  it's extremely difficult to do so. I think   00:01:34.240 --> 00:01:40.000 our main takeaway here is that we've really got  to conclude that some of the assumptions about   00:01:40.000 --> 00:01:46.080 the resiliency that's supposed to characterize  the system could potentially be very very wrong. 00:01:48.240 --> 00:01:54.000 Second, again sort of moving  away from food and now to   00:01:54.000 --> 00:02:00.080 where people live. Lots of people do live  in prisons. About 2.2 million Americans live   00:02:00.080 --> 00:02:07.440 in prisons these days. Prisons have really proven  to be the petri dishes of COVID transmission.   00:02:07.440 --> 00:02:13.280 Around 20 percent of the prison population in  the US is thought to be infected at the moment.   00:02:14.240 --> 00:02:22.080 One of the approaches that's been proposed is  a selective release of non-violent prisoners   00:02:22.080 --> 00:02:27.920 and you know that's been done to some extent but  really minimally and you know one thing that we   00:02:27.920 --> 00:02:33.600 can't do with the prisons or redesign them for  social distancing so this is also an issue. 00:02:34.880 --> 00:02:40.880 In parallel, there's some eerie parallels here  to the case of nursing homes again about the   00:02:40.880 --> 00:02:45.040 same number of people in nursing  homes and related facilities 2.2   00:02:45.600 --> 00:02:52.400 million limited visitation limited movement and  as with prisons, outsiders are really the vector   00:02:52.400 --> 00:02:58.960 for infection. It's worth noting and this is sort  of where the pandemic joint hazard element comes   00:02:58.960 --> 00:03:03.600 in is that the risk mitigation guidance for  COVID is really social distancing along with   00:03:03.600 --> 00:03:08.800 other measures but this is directly at odds  with what the risk mitigation guidance is for   00:03:08.800 --> 00:03:12.480 things like hurricanes which we saw  recently with Laura, which is congregation.   00:03:13.360 --> 00:03:20.560 We're going to see more of this and more sort of  disagreements between risk mitigation policies as   00:03:20.560 --> 00:03:26.880 we go forward. Pandemics aren't going anywhere.  I think with both of these settings we really   00:03:26.880 --> 00:03:32.640 have to ask where are the opportunities for the  residents of these facilities to adapt their   00:03:32.640 --> 00:03:38.640 behaviors in order to minimize risks of themselves  and what kinds of tools are we providing for that? 00:03:41.520 --> 00:03:47.280 I think it's probably no exaggeration to  say that we are in the midst of probably   00:03:47.280 --> 00:03:52.880 the longest and most extensive reverse evacuation  and shelter in place operation in human history,   00:03:53.600 --> 00:04:00.400 but instead of leaving home for other spaces, we  really left other spaces for home and we really   00:04:00.400 --> 00:04:07.440 have no choice but to stay there. As a result,  if you lose your home, you lose not just a place   00:04:07.440 --> 00:04:15.760 to live but potentially a place to work and to  learn. So viewed from this perspective you know   00:04:15.760 --> 00:04:20.400 private homes are now critical. We need them  in order to do the business of the country,   00:04:20.400 --> 00:04:27.840 learning and everything but they're not supported  as other so-called critical infrastructures are. 00:04:31.920 --> 00:04:39.120 Overall, I think what our work is is bringing out  is two main sets of relationships and you know   00:04:39.120 --> 00:04:47.520 one is this- the first one between adaptation  and criticality as society adapts, the hazards   00:04:47.520 --> 00:04:54.800 we find ourselves really reinventing are our  notions of what's critical and vice versa   00:04:54.800 --> 00:05:02.960 and within as we consider this relationship  we've got to consider the extent to which our   00:05:02.960 --> 00:05:11.200 infrastructures, our built environment relates in  realistic terms with regulatory frameworks. I want   00:05:11.200 --> 00:05:18.080 to conclude by saying that we feel that there's an  urgent need not just to support research that will   00:05:18.080 --> 00:05:24.240 address these concerns but really in the longer  term, we maybe need to develop our own adaptive   00:05:24.240 --> 00:05:31.840 capacity as scholars and educators in order to  learn from the errors that we've seen in the past,   00:05:32.400 --> 00:05:36.880 respond to current challenges, and shape  the design of the future thank you.